There is no single route to a zero-carbon future for commercial vehicles. Having squeezed every drop of efficiency from conventional combustion engines, the latest emissions legislation demands increased electrification—yet battery technology still lacks the maturity to support many heavy-duty applications.
Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines (H2ICE) could play a leading role in helping original equipment manufacturers to navigate the middle ground, but they bring new challenges and risks, particularly around pre-ignition and water handling, both of which are influenced by engine oil performance.